"proxy" is a term used to describe a server "proxy" refers to a proxy or proxy server. A proxy server is a software that sits in the middle between server and client via the internet. Without the proxy, the client could send a request for any source straight to the server and it would then serve the resource directly back to the user. It is easy to understand and implement. adding proxies provides advantages in the form of increased efficiency, privacy, security and more. As a pass-through layer proxies serve as a security barrier on the internet, separating servers and clients.

It is generally accepted that the combination of server hardware along with installed proxy software is also commonly described as proxy servers. However, this article will focus on proxy servers that are generally described as software as well as the ones used in conjunction with web servers. The article will provide an explanation of the two major kinds, namely forward proxy and reverse proxy. forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own usage that can cause confusion due to the use of overlapping terms.

This article will give you an idea of the what proxies as well as their subtypes are and their value in the typical setups. If you go through this article, you'll be able to identify situations where an effective proxy is beneficial, and determine the most appropriate option between forward and reverse proxy for any situation.

Understanding Forward Proxies

Also forward proxy, also known as or an open proxy is an agent of an individual user trying to make the request online an origin server. In this scenario, every attempt to send requests made by the user will be directed by this forward proxy. In this scenario, the forward proxy acting on behalf of the client, will look into the request. At first, it will decide whether clients are authorized make requests through this specific forward proxy. Then, it will either reject requests or redirect it to its origin server. The client does not have an internet connection directly; it has access to only what the forward proxy permits it to connect to.

The primary reason for people to utilize forward proxies is to provide more privacy or security online. A forward proxy connects to the internet on behalf of an individual client and during this manner it can utilize an IP address different from the original IP address of the user.

Depending on the method by which it's setup, a forward proxy can perform a variety of functions as well as the ability to:

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  Beware of Ad-trackers.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  You will be able to identify any restrictions based on where you live.
  
  

Forward proxies also are utilized in systems that provide central security and access granted on a permission basis, like in the workplace. When all internet traffic goes through a common forward proxy, the administrator are able to permit only a few clients online access which is then filtered by a common firewall. Instead of putting firewalls in the client layer, which may be used by multiple computer that have different configurations, users A firewall could be added to this forward proxy layer.

Keep in mind Forward proxy servers need to be manually setup before they can be utilized while reverse proxies could be ignored by clients. Based on whether or not your IP address has been transferred to the server that is being used by the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity may be granted or kept secret.

There are a myriad of choices to consider for forward proxies.

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  Apache The Apache is a well-known open-source web server which provides forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another well-known open-source web server that has forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Squid is an open-source forward proxy utilizing an HTTP protocol. This doesn't offer the complete web server system. Check out our guide on the best method of installing Squid proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante forward proxy that runs using the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it more suitable for situations such as peer-to-peer traffic. You could also look into how to set up Dante proxy to allow connection to private networks in Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

A reverse proxy serves as an agent for a web server. It manages requests received by customers on its behalf. The web server could function as a single server or as a series of servers. Additionally, it can include an application servers, like Gunicorn. In either of these scenarios the request might be made by a user of the internet at large. In most cases, the request will be directly sent to the server on the internet that holds the data the client is asking for. In contrast, a reverse proxy acts as an intermediary that isolates the web server from direct communication with the open internet.

From the viewpoint of the client, interfacing with reverse proxy isn't different from the interaction via direct connection to an internet server. It's the same, however the client doesn't see the distinction. The client requests a resource and then receives it, without any additional configuration needed from the user.

Reverse proxy providers provide features like:

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  Centralized security to web server.
  
  
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  Incoming traffic is directed by rules you can establish.
  
  
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  Additional functionality to cache data.
  
  

Central security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy servers, reverse proxies offer this feature to that layer on the webserver and not to the client layer. Instead of focusing on maintaining firewalls on the server level which could comprise several servers with various configurations, the bulk of firewall security is directed at the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, taking the responsibility of communicating with firewalls as well as communicating requests from clients off web servers allows the firewall to focus on supplying the required resources.

If there are multiple servers running in a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy can also be responsible for directing which requests are directed to which servers. There could be multiple web servers running from the same host, each providing different kinds of services or a mixture of the two. The servers employ the HTTP protocol to perform the role of a normal web server. However, they could also be equipped with application server protocols like FastCGI. You can create reverse proxy that directs clients to specific servers in accordance with the resource requested or to comply with specific rules for the traffic load.

Reverse proxies can also be able to take advantage of their location prior to web servers using caching functions. The large static files can be set up with caching policy to prevent hitting web servers every request, with some solutions allowing you to serve static content directly without having to connect to a servers in any manner. Furthermore reverse proxy is capable of handling compression of these assets.

The well-known Nginx web server is also used as an effective reverse proxy option. Even though Apache is a reverse proxy service and this Apache web server also includes reverse proxy functions, which is a different option to Apache and Nginx was originally designed to and focuses on the reverse proxy features.

Distinguishing Forward and Reverse Proxy Use Situations

Because "forward" as well as "reverse" are associated with an impression of directionality and false comparisons with "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic, the labels can be confusing because both types of proxies are able to handle requests as well as respond. In addition, the most effective method to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy is to take into account the needs of the application that you're developing.

A reverse proxy can be helpful when you are developing an option to host websites on the internet. They act as your web server in any interactions through the Internet.

A forward proxy is helpful when it is used before customers for your own usage or even in a professional setting. They represent your clients in any interactions on the internet.

Utilizing case-based differentiation instead of focusing on the common naming conventions will help you in avoidance of confusion.

Conclusion

This article describes what a "proxy" is with the two major types of proxies being the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical scenarios to use them and an exploration of beneficial features were utilized to differentiate the two types of proxy both reverse and forward. If you're looking for ways to implement proxies you can check out our guide on how to configure Nginx as an HTTP server and reverse proxy to Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 Server.

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