Cryotherapy for skin lesions is a widely adopted medical procedure that utilizes intense freezing to destroy abnormal skin cells. The most widely used method is cryotherapy, which typically involves depositing supercooled nitrogen to the lesion. Liquid nitrogen has a temperature of minus 196 degrees Celsius, which is cold enough to freeze and kill the abnormal cells without causing widespread damage to nearby dermal layers when applied correctly.

The biological principle lies in how tissue structures react to extreme hypothermia. When liquid nitrogen is applied, intracellular ice form inside the cells, disrupting their organelles. This injury prevents the cells from functioning properly and ultimately leads to them to cease metabolic activity. The body then reabsorbs the necrotic cells over the following days or نیتروکسی پن weeks.

For warts, which are triggered by the HPV, freezing eradicates not only the surface lesion but also the HPV-laden cells beneath the surface. For pigmented lesions, especially benign ones, freezing eliminates the cluster of pigment-producing cells that form the mole.

Careful execution is vital when performing freezing treatment. Medical professionals are trained to regulate the length and depth of the freeze to preventing damage to healthy skin. Over-treatment can lead to epidermal separation, permanent marks, or hyperpigmentation. That’s why it’s essential to have the procedure done by a board-certified dermatologist rather than attempting OTC freeze kits, which may not be clinically reliable and can lead to complications.

Patients often feel a brief stinging sensation during the treatment, followed by minor pain afterward. A small blister may form, which is normal and part of the recovery phase. Maintaining hygiene helps avoid bacterial invasion and promotes tissue regeneration. It’s also important to not disturbing the treated area, as this can trigger permanent marks or causing satellite lesions if it’s a verruca.

Not all warts or moles are appropriate for freezing. Moles that are irregular in form, tone, or diameter should be evaluated by a dermatologist first, as they could be potential malignancies. In such cases, a biopsy may be essential before any treatment. Similarly, warts on the face or genitals require extra caution due to the delicate nature in those areas.

Cryoablation is low-risk, effective, and efficient, often taking only 1–3 minutes per lesion. Additional applications may be necessary for chronic growths, but nearly all see reduction after a single or double application. When performed correctly by qualified clinicians, freezing warts and moles is a scientifically sound and minimally invasive way to address common skin concerns.