In structures utilizing sandwich panel systems engineers must account for seismic forces to ensure structural safety and occupant protection during earthquakes. Typically composed of two rigid metal layers enclosing a thermally efficient core are popular for their speed of installation and thermal efficiency. These attributes—low flexural rigidity and elevated specific weight—introduce significant seismic design complexities.

One key consideration is the connection between the panels and the primary structural frame. These connections must be designed to accommodate in-plane and out-of-plane movements without causing panel failure or کانکس ویلایی detachment. Rigid connections may transfer excessive forces to the panels, leading to cracking or delamination of the core material. Engineers should prioritize ductile, energy-dissipating connections that permit controlled displacement.

The panel system must function as an integrated component of the building’s seismic defense. Many designers mistakenly classify them as non-load-bearing enclosures. In many cases, they contribute to overall lateral stiffness, especially when properly anchored to beams and columns. Structural analysis must determine if panels function as diaphragms, shear walls, or both.

Integrated design processes must align facade configurations with seismic performance goals.

The choice of core material directly influences seismic response.

The core material—whether it is polyurethane, mineral wool, or polystyrene—has different behaviors under stress.

Foam-based cores often fail through densification under cyclic shear.

Mineral wool provides enhanced ductility and thermal resilience under seismic stress.

Face sheets require adequate gauge to prevent local instability.

Architectural shape governs torsional and vibrational behavior.

Tall or slender buildings with large panel spans are more vulnerable to torsional effects during earthquakes.

Avoiding eccentricities and asymmetries reduces stress concentration risks.

Reinforced edges, continuous horizontal and vertical bracing, and proper anchorage to foundations all help mitigate these risks.

Inspection protocols are critical for sustaining long-term seismic integrity.

Degradation, even if visually subtle, can reduce load-bearing capacity.

Proactive monitoring programs must be implemented to detect early signs of distress.

Though widely adopted for efficiency and insulation their use in seismic zones demands careful attention to connection details, material behavior, structural integration, and long-term resilience. A holistic approach that treats the panels as part of the seismic force-resisting system—not just an envelope—will ensure safety and durability in earthquake-prone areas